dinsdag 12 januari 2010

New and Emerging Occupations

Olivia Crosby (2002) 'New and Emerging Occupations', Occupational Outlook Quarterly, pp. 17-??

Causes of new occupations

  • Technology
  • Demographic trends
    • aging
    • immigration
    • education
  • Laws
  • Business trends
  • Shifts in consumer needs and tastes
Birth of an occupation
  • As a task added to an already existing occupation
  • Gaining importance, creating specialties
  • Combining tasks, becoming an occupation in itself
Examples
  • Technology
    • Webmaster: didn't exist before the 1990s, a common occupation by now
    • Bioinformatics Engineer: depended on the technological advance in computers and the Human Genome Project, developed into a major at universities
  • Law
    • Diversity managers in trade unions (Belgium)
    • Environment auditors, prevention services (Belgium)
    • Certificating scientists (e.g. fireguarding doors)
  • Consumer needs
    • Fence jumpers, hired hackers to test security systems
    • Plastic surgery doctors
  • Business practices
    • HR managers
    • Quality control in hospitals
  • Demographics
    • State aid for asylum seekers
    • Geriatric psychiatrists
etc.